History & Biographies

St. Bonaventure: The Seraphic Doctor

Priest 
•Feast day: July 15 
•1218-1274 

St. Bonaventure, known as the Seraphic Doctor, was born in Bagnoregio, Italy, in 1218. Originally named John, he entered the Franciscans at the age of 22 and adopted the name Bonaventure, which translates to “Happy-Future.” His journey from a devout young man to a leading figure in the Franciscan Order is both inspiring and exemplary.

Early Life and Franciscan Vocation

Bonaventure’s initial years were marked by a deep spiritual inclination. His decision to join the Franciscan Order at 22 signified a profound commitment to a life of poverty, humility, and devotion. Upon joining the order, he was sent to Paris to further his studies. It was there that he met and befriended St. Thomas Aquinas, another prominent theologian of the time. Their friendship was built on mutual respect and a shared dedication to scholarly and spiritual pursuits.

A Life of Study and Prayer

Bonaventure’s approach to his studies was unique. He seamlessly integrated his academic endeavors with his spiritual practices. When asked by St. Thomas Aquinas about the source of his wisdom, Bonaventure simply showed him a crucifix, indicating that his knowledge stemmed from a profound connection with Christ. This blend of prayer and study was a hallmark of Bonaventure’s life, reflecting his belief that intellectual pursuits should be rooted in spiritual devotion.

His remarkable cheerfulness was evident to all who knew him. Bonaventure often emphasized that “a spiritual joy is the greatest sign of the divine grace dwelling in a soul.” This joy was a testament to his deep faith and the grace that he felt constantly in his life.

Leadership in the Franciscan Order

At the age of 35, Bonaventure was chosen as the General of the Franciscans. His leadership was crucial in healing divisions within the order, particularly those caused by differing interpretations of the vow of poverty. Bonaventure’s diplomatic skills and spiritual insight helped to unify the Franciscans and strengthen their mission.

An anecdote that highlights Bonaventure’s humility involves his work on the biography of St. Francis. One day, while he was deeply engrossed in his writing, St. Thomas Aquinas visited him. Seeing Bonaventure in a state of contemplation, Aquinas remarked, “Let us leave a saint to work for a saint,” recognizing the sanctity and dedication of his friend.

Humility and Service

In 1273, Pope Gregory X sought to appoint Bonaventure as a Cardinal. When the papal delegates arrived at a convent near Florence to deliver the news, they found Bonaventure humbly washing dishes. Not wanting to interrupt his work, Bonaventure asked them to hang the Cardinal’s hat and other insignia on a tree, underscoring his profound humility and dedication to service.

Final Days and Legacy

Bonaventure passed away in 1274 while attending the Second Council of Lyons in France. His contributions to the Church, both as a theologian and a leader, left an indelible mark on the Franciscan Order and the broader Christian community.

St. Bonaventure’s life is a testament to the power of integrating scholarly pursuits with spiritual devotion. His teachings continue to inspire and guide those seeking to live a life of faith, humility, and joy. The Seraphic Doctor remains a revered figure in the history of the Church, celebrated for his wisdom, humility, and unwavering dedication to the teachings of Christ.